CO-119 CO · Contractual Obligation

CO-119 Denial Code: Plan's benefit maximum for the period is used up

The patient has hit a plan benefit cap (visits, dollars, or units) for the period. Once the cap is met, more services may be non-covered or patient responsibility - check the plan.

Group code
CO - Contractual Obligation
Code type
CARC
Billable to patient?
Write-off if billed as CO; patient responsibility if billed as PR-119
Appealable?
Only if the maximum was miscalculated
Category
Coverage & Benefits
Common pairing
N362
On a remittanceCAS*CO*119*125.00On a paper EOB it shows as CO-119.

What CO-119 means

CO-119 means a benefit limit has been exhausted - for example a cap on physical-therapy visits, behavioral-health sessions, or an annual dollar maximum. Once the maximum is reached, additional services may be non-covered or patient responsibility depending on the plan. Confirm the limit and how much remained at the date of service. Once a benefit max is reached, payers often issue this as PR-119 (patient responsibility) rather than CO, depending on the plan.

Common causes

  • The patient reached a visit, dollar, or unit cap for the benefit period.
  • A frequency-limited service was provided beyond the allowance.
  • An annual or lifetime maximum was exhausted.

How to fix it

  • Verify the benefit limit and how much remained at the date of service.
  • If the cap was applied incorrectly (for example visits miscounted), request reprocessing.
  • If genuinely exhausted, bill the patient where the plan allows, with appropriate notice.

How to prevent it

  • Track benefit usage for limited services and warn before the cap.
  • Verify remaining benefits at scheduling for capped services.
  • Obtain an ABN/notice when a benefit maximum is likely to be exceeded.
Only if the maximum was miscalculatedAppeal only if the maximum was miscalculated (for example the payer counted visits incorrectly). A genuinely exhausted benefit is not overturned; bill per the plan.

Plain-English explanation authored by Medmio. The CO-119 code meaning reflects the standard CARC/RARC set maintained by X12 and CMS; Medmio does not reproduce X12's official descriptor text verbatim. Codes change up to three times per year — verify active status against the latest X12/CMS release. For official Medicare remittance-code guidance, see CMS. Educational guidance only, provided as-is with no guarantee of accuracy or outcome — not a substitute for professional billing, coding, or legal advice.
Last reviewed: May 2026

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